Features of Global Photosynthesis in Large Systems their Use for Studing the Evolution of the Global Carbon Cycle

It is shown that the equation of photosynthesis in large systems can be converted to the traditional form used in the analysis of an individual photosynthesizing organism of type C-3 and describes the same features of photosynthesis that are inherent in these organisms. But at the same time, photosynthesis, operating in large systems, has two features due to participation in a large systems. Two features that distinguish global photosynthesis, operating in carbon cycle, from traditional photosynthesis are considered. The first is the pulsation nature of photosynthesis evolution, which explains the recurrence of many events in the biosphere - the periodic change of "greenhouse" effects and glaciations, mass extinctions of organisms, climatic cycles, the biotic turnover, and others. The second feature is the spontaneous strive of global photosynthesis to the ecological compensation point. It determines the transition of the global carbon cycle to a stationary state. This feature allows to understand how the accumulation of the sedimentary organic matter in the earth's crust and oxygen in the atmosphere occurred. An achievement of the ecological compensation point, when a stationary state of the carbon cycle emerges, allows for the assessment of carbon balance in the system.